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| [Note Guidelines] Photographer's Note |
Altitude : 2400 meters
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INSECTA-LEPIDOPTERA-NYMPHALIDAE
Boloria eunomia, (Esper, [1799])
Bog Fritillary
Turkish Name: Bataklık Noktalı Kelebeği.
Distribution in Turkey: Eastern Anatolia, high mountain slopes.
Distribution in the world: The distribution is Holarctic - Northern America, northern Asia and Northern Europe. In Europe, the occurrence is very localized and disjoint. A somewhat denser distribution is only observed in the northern foreland of the Alps in Scandinavia and from Poland to the northeast. Extremely local in widely separated populations in Spain, France, Belgium, Italy, Serbia, Bulgaria, Austria and more widespread in Scandinavia, Poland and Turkey.
Living Area: Most alpine and subalpine wet meadows. Bogs, fens and moist areas. It can also be found in moist tundra and willow seeps.
Flight time: One generation. Flying in from late-May to mid-July depending on elevation.
Food Plants of the caterpillar: The caterpillars feed on the leaves of the snake knotweed - ( Persicaria bistorta), more rarely on other knotweed species.
Description-Notes: Type Locality: “Königsberg in Preussen” [Kaliningrad, Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia]. Local and rare. Colors and patterns of the hindwing the other "types of Boloria as" very beautiful. Another small fritillary with orange-red upper sides and a row triangular marginal spots on both wings-but the only one in its range. According to recent research the twice hibernation should occur in the majority of caterpillars.The wings are orange brown with dark markings. The color of the hindwings are orangish brown with a tan postmedian band followed by a row of round silver spots. Females larger than males. It is found throughout the north-temperate region of the Northern hemisphere. The butterfly flies close to the ground.
Wingspan: 30-42 mm long.
Origin of the name: Eunomia (Greek mythology) - Eunomia, goddess of the seasons, daughter of Zeus and Themis.
Endangerment factors: Boloria eunomia is threatened by loss of habitat. Strongly endangered.
Similar Species:
• Purple Bog Fritillary-Boloria titania,( Esper, 1793)
• Pearl-bordered Fritillary-Boloria euphrosyne,(Linnaeus, 1758)
• Small pearl-bordered fritillary-Boloria selene,(Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
• Weaver's Fritillary-Boloria dia, (Linnaeus, 1767)
• Mountain Fritillary-Boloria napaea, (Hoffmannsegg, 1804)
• Shepherd's Fritillary-Boloria pales, ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)
• Cranberry Fritillary-Boloria aquilonaris, (Stichel, 1908)
• Lesser Marbled Fritillary-Brenthis ino (Rottemburg, 1775)
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References:
1. Butterflies Watching & Photography Society in Turkey :>> http://www.adamerkelebek.org/IcerikDetay.asp?TurId=182&IcerikKatId=3
2.Lepidoptera Caucasi : >> http://www.babochki-kavkaza.ru/index.php/nymphalidae/274-clossiana-eunomia/323-clossiana-eunomia.html
3. EuroButterflies »Matt Rowling : >> http://www.eurobutterflies.com/sp/eunomia.php
4. Lepiforum.de :>> http://www.lepiforum.de/lepiwiki.pl?Boloria_Eunomia
5. Wolfgang Wagner:>> http://www.pyrgus.de/Boloria_eunomia_en.html
6. Butterflies of France:>> http://www.butterfliesoffrance.com/html/Boloria%20eunomia.htm
7. Anonymous Butterflies of Turkey :>> http://www.trakel.org/kelebekler/[email protected]&tur=Batakl%C4%B1k%20Noktal%C4%B1%20Kelebe%C4%9Fi
8. Moths and Butterflies of Europe: >> http://www.leps.it/indexjs.htm?SpeciesPages/BolorEunom.htm
9. Butterflies and Moths of North America : >> https://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Boloria-eunomia
180-SK060717Pb
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